VAT Calculator - Add or Remove VAT Online (30+ Countries)

What is VAT?

VAT (value added tax) is a consumption tax charged at each stage of a supply chain. A seller adds it to the price, collects it from the buyer, and passes it to the tax authority, keeping back the VAT they paid on their own purchases (input VAT). The buyer, in practice, is the one who pays it: it is built into the final price.

In the UK it is called VAT, in most of Europe Mehrwertsteuer or TVA, in Australia and New Zealand GST, in Canada GST or HST, and in Indonesia PPN. Different names, same idea: a percentage added to the taxable price, set by the country where the supply happens.

This calculator handles the arithmetic for all of them. You tell it the country and the amount, and it returns net, VAT and gross in the right currency.

How to calculate VAT

Two formulas cover everything. To add VAT to a net price: gross = net x (1 + rate). To remove VAT from a gross price: net = gross / (1 + rate). The rate goes in as a decimal, so 20% becomes 0.20 and the multiplier is 1.20.

Worked examples: a 100.00 net price at UK 20% becomes 120.00 gross with 20.00 of VAT. A 119.00 gross invoice at German 19% splits into 100.00 net and 19.00 VAT. A 500.00 net quote at Swiss 8.1% becomes 540.50 gross with 40.50 VAT.

The calculator applies both formulas as you type, whichever direction you need. Switch between Add VAT and Remove VAT with the tabs above.

VAT rates around the world

The standard rate in the EU ranges from 17% in Luxembourg to 27% in Hungary. Germany charges 19%, France 20%, Spain 21%, Italy 22%, Ireland and Portugal 23%. Around the EU: the UK 20%, Switzerland 8.1%, Norway 25%. Further out, Australia and New Zealand use a single GST of 10% and 15%, Singapore 9%, the UAE 5%, Saudi Arabia 15%, and Indonesia 12% since 2025.

Most countries also keep reduced rates for food, books, medicines and transport, and a zero rate for essentials and exports. The rate that applies to your supply depends on what it is and where it is sold, so check the category before you charge.

The full table, with reduced rates and a worked example per country, is on the VAT rates by country page. We review it quarterly against official sources.

VAT vs sales tax

VAT is collected at every stage of the chain, with input credits for businesses, so the final consumer pays the tax on the full value added. Sales tax in the United States is charged once, at the final sale to the consumer, and businesses do not pay it on their purchases.

This matters when you sell across borders: EU and UK customers expect VAT, US customers expect state sales tax, and the rate varies by state and even by ZIP code. The sales tax calculator covers US states and Canadian provinces separately.

If your customer is a business in another country, the rules change again (reverse charge, or the OSS scheme in the EU). The guides explain the common cases.

When to charge VAT, when not to

Whether you charge VAT depends on where you are established, where your customer is, and whether you are registered. In the UK you generally charge VAT once your taxable turnover passes the registration threshold, currently £90,000 (see the guide for the details and the edge cases).

Some supplies are exempt or zero rated: exports, most education, health care and financial services. A zero rated supply appears on the invoice at 0%; an exempt supply is outside the VAT system entirely. The distinction affects how much input VAT you can reclaim.

The calculator does the arithmetic. Whether you must charge VAT is a rules question, and the guides at the bottom of this page cover the common situations.

VAT on invoices

A valid VAT invoice needs: your name and address, your VAT number, the customer's name and address, the date and a sequential invoice number, a description of the supply, the net amount, the rate and the VAT amount, and the total. Without your VAT number the invoice is not a valid VAT invoice and your customer cannot reclaim the tax.

The invoice calculator totals your line items with the correct rate and currency, and the guide on VAT on invoices walks through every field with a complete example.